Mushrooms are also grown commercially in Tennessee. Tomatoes and snap beans ranking as the most important vegetables, while apples and peaches lead among fruits. Tennessee’s largest commercial crop is the soybean crop, contributing about 11 percent of the state’s total agricultural receipts, followed by cotton, corn and tobacco. Fruit trees (except citrus) also do well in most areas of the state with apples, pears, peaches and plums being the most common varieties. Cool-season vegetables that grow well in Tennessee include broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, collards, kale, kohlrabi, lettuce, mustard greens, potatoes, icicle radishes and spinach. Warm-season crops that grow well in Tennessee include beans, cantaloupe, sweet corn, cucumbers, eggplant, okra, peas, sweet peppers and tomatoes. Most plants thrive in this southern state due to relatively long growing seasons and ample rainfall. While Tennessee weather differs across the state, its climate is temperate with four distinct seasons. The USDA hardiness zones in Tennessee range from 5b in the northern areas, with minimum temperatures between -15 and -10 degrees Fahrenheit, to a pocket of 8a in its southwestern-most corner, with slightly balmier lows between 10 and 15 degrees Fahrenheit. The program prioritizes businesses located in at-risk counties, distressed counties and counties adjoining at-risk or distressed counties. Tennessee’s Agriculture Enterprise Fund helps facilitate agricultural development in the state by awarding grants to farmers who demonstrate a strong potential for impact on local farm income, access to markets, increased capacity of an existing farm business or agricultural innovation. Most businesses in Tennessee also need a business license, issued from each county clerk’s office and in many city recorder offices across the state for a $15 initial fee. Some businesses are subject to other state taxes as well.
Working farms, unless they are sole-proprietors or general partnerships, must also register for the payment of franchise and excise taxes. The Tennessee Department of Agriculture and The Land Trust for Tennessee protects working farms through the Transaction Assistance Fund, which assists with attorney fees, survey fees, appraisals, and stewardship donations for the perpetual stewardship of the conservation agreements.
According to the USDA’s 2018 State Agriculture Overview, Tennessee has 10.9 million acres of farmland and 70,000 farms.
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